Since the early 1980’s, Kenya has dominated middle and long-distance races, among them the 1,500m, 3,000m, 5,000m and Half and Full Marathons.
Interestingly, many of the athletes that have achieved success in these races either come from the upper rift valley region or hold their training camps there. Iten, specifically, has been home to these camps.
Several theories have been advanced to explain why the region has produced top athletes.
One such theory is the region’s altitude. Standing at 2400 metres above sea level, Iten has a relatively lower concentration of oxygen compared to other low altitude regions.
Athletes who train in such high altitude areas compel their bodies to produce more red blood cells, which are the oxygen-carrying agents in the human blood.
More red blood cells translate to more oxygen-carrying capacity. It works even better when they compete in low altitude areas, as their bodies are more tolerant than those of their opponents.
Yet another theory is the athletes’ Body Mass Index (BMI). This is a measure of body fat based on height and weight.
Athletes from this region have a lower BMI as compared to their opponents. Their body structure complements this further, as they have longer feet.
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These metrics translate to lower weight on their feet when they run. The longer feet also have an energy-saving effect, as they efficiently require fewer strides than their opponents to complete a race.
The food these athletes consume is also a factor in their success. They feed on food that is extremely low on fat, with few preservatives and processed oils.
Ugali is the staple food, and it comes along with green vegetables. White meat may also be added to the diet. This food is not only high in energy but also saves them the risk of adding unnecessary weight.
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To sum up, there is a winning mentality culturally inculcated into the people from the region which is second to none.
When young kids grow up watching athletes make millions and build mansions out of proceeds from athletics events, they always believe they can attain even higher limits.
It is this motivation from accomplished athletes that then makes upcoming ones believe they can match what is required on the big stage.
A combination of all these factors makes the region dominant in producing top athletes.
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